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Atomic Force Microscopes - Tutorial Page

Topography Modes

When scanning a sample with an AFM a constant force is applied to the surface by the probe at the end of a cantilever. Measuring the force with the cantilever in the AFM is achieved by two methods. In the first method the deflection of the cantilever is directly measured. In the second method, the cantilever is vibrated and changes in the vibration properties are measured.